🔴 Projects Status—Environmental Review

Bolero (this project has been withdrawn)

https://parcelsearch.permitsonoma.org/api/documents/7809888

Borealis

NOTICE OF PREPARATION of a Draft Environmental Impact Report and Notice

https://parcelsearch.permitsonoma.org/api/documents/7810296

🔴 Cities Questioning Siting

Acton, CA Acton, CA Town Council

Estero Bay, CA https://esterobaynews.com/featured-stories/vistra-dumps-city-will-ask-state-for-bess-permit/

Katy, TX https://www.chron.com/news/houston-texas/article/katy-battery-storage-facility-council-19863234.php?embedded_webview=true

🔴 Fires

Many fires have happened in BESS facilities for various reasons.

A California Battery Plant Burned. Residents Have Gotten Sick, and Anxious
https://www.nytimes.com/2025/02/10/us/california-battery-plant-fire.html?unlocked_article_code=1.v04.yUdq.jliFvsxye-KO&smid=nytcore-ios-share&referringSource=articleShare

Fire risk ignites battery site fears
https://edition.pagesuite.com/popovers/dynamic_article_popover.aspx?artguid=bde23560-ddd9-4499-8ac5-fb6967027ab4&appcode=PRE341&eguid=8edf5c7f-77ed-4fa8-bb03-ed30e8405d0e&pnum=2#

A Battery Fire Deposits Heavy Metals into Elkhorn Slough
https://baynature.org/2025/02/06/battery-fire-at-elkhorn-slough/

BREAKING: After Vistra Fire, Residents Report Illness, Scientists Confirm Contaminated Soil
https://hntrbrk.com/vistra-fire/

Fish kill after Fredericktown battery plant fire sparks urgent questions on safety, accountability.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=14npMDpxXLk

Lithium-Ion Batteries Burn For Hours in 4th Alarm Warehouse Fire
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=emgh_2D4rd4

3 fires since 2020 and dead fish
https://youtu.be/2Bas81OsV9Y?si=MUeq2LOOjG9afwap

BESS Failure Event Database
https://storagewiki.epri.com/index.php/BESS_Failure_Event_Database

Gothenburg Sweden and Jacksonville, Fl April 25 & 26, 2023
https://ctif.org/news/large-lithium-battery-fires-created-toxic-smoke-and-evacuations-jacksonville-and-gothenburg

French Lithium Ion Battery Warehouse Fire
https://ctif.org/news/large-explosion-and-fire-french-lithium-battery-warehouse

New York Reeling From Its Hot Battery Summer
https://www.canarymedia.com/articles/batteries/new-york-is-reeling-from-its-hot-battery-summer?utm_campaign=canary&utm_medium=email&_hsmi=271033565&_hsenc=p2ANqtz-9J9X6q3Et9cY3uDMh2cLFePcR-Hnpp9iLqLsxrw5RCXKImMIJJN6sgkePRhRHrjDFKNN-JsY1a14F6B6X760w79dmVJw&utm_source=newsletter

Valley Center fire of September 19, 2023   
https://pv-magazine-usa.com/2023/09/19/lithium-ion-battery-fire-in-california-energy-storage-facility/

Fox News video on Moss Landing and more. 
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwiv2IS64uSBAxUklWoFHUlWClIQwqsBegQINRAG&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Df0srRrxoWz0&usg=AOvVaw1kZFYL2yc8Ok-6VcEIo_EO&opi=89978449

Moss Landing Megapack Fire of Sept. 20/2022
https://www.canarymedia.com/articles/energy-storage/tesla-grid-battery-fire-shows-young-industrys-failures-and-successes

🔴 Fire Fighting, Fire Safety

Fire Safety Research Institute Symposium on Lithium-ion.

https://www.firerescue1.com/lithium-ion-battery-fires/articles/10-takeaways-from-uls-fsri-lithium-ion-battery-symposium-cl4b6DEvzZAI1CR7/

What You need to know about Battery Energy Storage Fire Protection

https://www.energytech.com/energy-storage/article/21216774/the-inside-look-

Protecting Battery Energy Storage Systems from Fire and Explosion Hazards

https://www.powermag.com/protecting-battery-energy-storage-systems-from-fire-and-explosion-hazards/

🔴 Earthquakes

Animation of Rogers Creek and Hayward Creek Faults

https://escweb.wr.usgs.gov/content/learn/topics/shakingsimulations/hayward/HaywardM72_SanPabloBayEp_mapview.mp4

Expected Earthquake Performance of Buildings Designed to the California Building Code

https://peer.berkeley.edu/sites/default/files/peer2019-05_ssc19-01_11x17.pdf

Modified Mercali Intensity Scale.  What colors of animation linked above mean

https://www.usgs.gov/programs/earthquake-hazards/modified-mercalli-intensity-scale

🔴 Battery Energy Storage Hazards and Failure Modes

https://www.nfpa.org/News-and-Research/Publications-and-media/Blogs-Landing-Page/NFPA-Today/Blog-Posts/2021/12/03/Battery-Energy-Storage-Hazards-and-Failure-Modes

🔴 California Environmental Quality Act

Overview CEQA Process

https://mountshastaecology.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Overview-of-CEQA-and-the-EIR-Process.pdf

CEQA process flow chart

https://www.conservation.ca.gov/calgem/CEQA/Documents/CEQA_Process_Flowchart_OPR.pdf

Mitigated Negative Declarations

https://opr.ca.gov/docs/MND_Publication_2004.pdf

Current Sonoma County CEQA Notifications

https://permitsonoma.org/divisions/planning/environmentalnotices

🔴 Siting of Battery Energy Storage Systems

As of September 10, 2023, no corporation or government agency has developed and published any guidelines for where to build BESS facilities, and where to not build them. We have serious hazards here that many other areas of the United States do not have, such as wildfires and earthquakes.

Kern County, CA awarded project

https://www.canarymedia.com/articles/energy-storage/massive-underground-air-battery-project-lands-1-76b-doe-award 

A safer Siting: Bureau of Land Management Proposes BESSs with Solar Farms in remote areas. 

https://www.blm.gov/press-release/blm-advances-clean-energy-california

Edwards Air Force Base CA 

https://cleantechnica.com/2023/02/06/edwards-afb-solar-battery-storage-project-goes-live/

Bureau of Land Management Proposes BESSs with Solar Farms in remote areas

https://www.blm.gov/press-release/blm-advances-clean-energy-california

BESS need not be close to switching substations since direct current actually loses very little power over long distances

https://web.archive.org/web/20180730045905/https://www.siemens.com/press/pool/de/events/2012/energy/2012-07-wismar/factsheet-hvdc-e.pdf

🔴 Other Energy Storage System Types

Lithium-ion based Battery Energy Storage Systems are not the only way way to store electrical energy. The Bath County Station listed below cost about half as much per Megawatt of Storage as the Moss Landing Facility in Monterey County

Iron air batteries

https://www.energytech.com/energy-storage/article/21274212/energy-innovation-exploring-ironair-and-zinchybrid-batteries-as-lithiumion-alternatives

Sand Batteries

https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20221102-how-a-sand-battery-could-transform-clean-energy

Inside Switzerland’s Giant Water Battery

https://www.dw.com/en/swiss-water-battery-boosts-europes-energy-storage-plans/a-63923662

Bath County Pumped Storage Station

https://www.dominionenergy.com/projects-and-facilities/hydroelectric-power-facilities-and-projects/bath-county-pumped-storage-station#:~:text=The%20station%20consists%20of%20two,minute%2C%20turning%20six%20turbine%20generators.

Not electrical storage, but relevant.  

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amager_Bakke

🔴 Preserve Petaluma Watershed

https://sonomamountain.org/the-three-watersheds-of-sonoma-mountain/

Petaluma Adobe State Historic Park  https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=474

https://www.sfei.org/sites/default/files/biblio_files/Petaluma%20Historical%20Ecology%20med%20res.pdf